A Mouse-Adapted SARS-Coronavirus Causes Disease and Mortality in BALB/c Mice
Identifieur interne : 003783 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003782; suivant : 003784A Mouse-Adapted SARS-Coronavirus Causes Disease and Mortality in BALB/c Mice
Auteurs : Anjeanette Roberts [États-Unis] ; Damon Deming [États-Unis] ; Christopher D. Paddock [États-Unis] ; Aaron Cheng [États-Unis] ; Boyd Yount [États-Unis] ; Leatrice Vogel [États-Unis] ; Brian D. Herman [États-Unis] ; Tim Sheahan [États-Unis] ; Mark Heise [États-Unis] ; Gillian L. Genrich [États-Unis] ; Sherif R. Zaki [États-Unis] ; Ralph Baric [États-Unis] ; Kanta Subbarao [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS Pathogens [ 1553-7366 ] ; 2007.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Données de séquences moléculaires, Humains, Infections à virus à ARN, Modèles animaux de maladie humaine, Souris, Souris de lignée BALB C, Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (mortalité), Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (virologie), Virus du SRAS (isolement et purification), Virus du SRAS (pathogénicité).
- MESH :
- isolement et purification : Virus du SRAS.
- mortalité : Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère.
- pathogénicité : Virus du SRAS.
- virologie : Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère.
- Animaux, Données de séquences moléculaires, Humains, Infections à virus à ARN, Modèles animaux de maladie humaine, Souris, Souris de lignée BALB C.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- isolation & purification : SARS Virus.
- mortality : Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- pathogenicity : SARS Virus.
- virology : Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Molecular Sequence Data, RNA Virus Infections.
Abstract
No single animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) reproduces all aspects of the human disease. Young inbred mice support SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) replication in the respiratory tract and are available in sufficient numbers for statistical evaluation. They are relatively inexpensive and easily accessible, but their use in SARS research is limited because they do not develop illness following infection. Older (12- to 14-mo-old) BALB/c mice develop clinical illness and pneumonitis, but they can be hard to procure, and immune senescence complicates pathogenesis studies. We adapted the SARS-CoV (Urbani strain) by serial passage in the respiratory tract of young BALB/c mice. Fifteen passages resulted in a virus (MA15) that is lethal for mice following intranasal inoculation. Lethality is preceded by rapid and high titer viral replication in lungs, viremia, and dissemination of virus to extrapulmonary sites accompanied by lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and pathological changes in the lungs. Abundant viral antigen is extensively distributed in bronchial epithelial cells and alveolar pneumocytes, and necrotic cellular debris is present in airways and alveoli, with only mild and focal pneumonitis. These observations suggest that mice infected with MA15 die from an overwhelming viral infection with extensive, virally mediated destruction of pneumocytes and ciliated epithelial cells. The MA15 virus has six coding mutations associated with adaptation and increased virulence; when introduced into a recombinant SARS-CoV, these mutations result in a highly virulent and lethal virus (rMA15), duplicating the phenotype of the biologically derived MA15 virus. Intranasal inoculation with MA15 reproduces many aspects of disease seen in severe human cases of SARS. The availability of the MA15 virus will enhance the use of the mouse model for SARS because infection with MA15 causes morbidity, mortality, and pulmonary pathology. This virus will be of value as a stringent challenge in evaluation of the efficacy of vaccines and antivirals.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.0030005
PubMed: 17222058
PubMed Central: 1769406
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 001412
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 001412
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 001005
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 001F25
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 001F25
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 001E85
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 001834
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 001834
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 001834
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 003936
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 003783
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">A Mouse-Adapted SARS-Coronavirus Causes Disease and Mortality in BALB/c Mice</title>
<author><name sortKey="Roberts, Anjeanette" sort="Roberts, Anjeanette" uniqKey="Roberts A" first="Anjeanette" last="Roberts">Anjeanette Roberts</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deming, Damon" sort="Deming, Damon" uniqKey="Deming D" first="Damon" last="Deming">Damon Deming</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Paddock, Christopher D" sort="Paddock, Christopher D" uniqKey="Paddock C" first="Christopher D" last="Paddock">Christopher D. Paddock</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cheng, Aaron" sort="Cheng, Aaron" uniqKey="Cheng A" first="Aaron" last="Cheng">Aaron Cheng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yount, Boyd" sort="Yount, Boyd" uniqKey="Yount B" first="Boyd" last="Yount">Boyd Yount</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vogel, Leatrice" sort="Vogel, Leatrice" uniqKey="Vogel L" first="Leatrice" last="Vogel">Leatrice Vogel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Herman, Brian D" sort="Herman, Brian D" uniqKey="Herman B" first="Brian D" last="Herman">Brian D. Herman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sheahan, Tim" sort="Sheahan, Tim" uniqKey="Sheahan T" first="Tim" last="Sheahan">Tim Sheahan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heise, Mark" sort="Heise, Mark" uniqKey="Heise M" first="Mark" last="Heise">Mark Heise</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Carolina Vaccine Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Carolina Vaccine Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Genrich, Gillian L" sort="Genrich, Gillian L" uniqKey="Genrich G" first="Gillian L" last="Genrich">Gillian L. Genrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zaki, Sherif R" sort="Zaki, Sherif R" uniqKey="Zaki S" first="Sherif R" last="Zaki">Sherif R. Zaki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baric, Ralph" sort="Baric, Ralph" uniqKey="Baric R" first="Ralph" last="Baric">Ralph Baric</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Carolina Vaccine Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Carolina Vaccine Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Subbarao, Kanta" sort="Subbarao, Kanta" uniqKey="Subbarao K" first="Kanta" last="Subbarao">Kanta Subbarao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">17222058</idno>
<idno type="pmc">1769406</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1769406</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:1769406</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.ppat.0030005</idno>
<date when="2007">2007</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001412</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001412</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001412</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001412</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001005</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001005</idno>
<idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:17222058</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001F25</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001F25</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">001F25</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">001F25</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">001E85</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">001E85</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001834</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001834</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001834</idno>
<idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1553-7366:2007:Roberts A:a:mouse:adapted</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">003936</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">003783</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">003783</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A Mouse-Adapted SARS-Coronavirus Causes Disease and Mortality in BALB/c Mice</title>
<author><name sortKey="Roberts, Anjeanette" sort="Roberts, Anjeanette" uniqKey="Roberts A" first="Anjeanette" last="Roberts">Anjeanette Roberts</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deming, Damon" sort="Deming, Damon" uniqKey="Deming D" first="Damon" last="Deming">Damon Deming</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Paddock, Christopher D" sort="Paddock, Christopher D" uniqKey="Paddock C" first="Christopher D" last="Paddock">Christopher D. Paddock</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cheng, Aaron" sort="Cheng, Aaron" uniqKey="Cheng A" first="Aaron" last="Cheng">Aaron Cheng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yount, Boyd" sort="Yount, Boyd" uniqKey="Yount B" first="Boyd" last="Yount">Boyd Yount</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vogel, Leatrice" sort="Vogel, Leatrice" uniqKey="Vogel L" first="Leatrice" last="Vogel">Leatrice Vogel</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Herman, Brian D" sort="Herman, Brian D" uniqKey="Herman B" first="Brian D" last="Herman">Brian D. Herman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sheahan, Tim" sort="Sheahan, Tim" uniqKey="Sheahan T" first="Tim" last="Sheahan">Tim Sheahan</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heise, Mark" sort="Heise, Mark" uniqKey="Heise M" first="Mark" last="Heise">Mark Heise</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Carolina Vaccine Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Carolina Vaccine Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Genrich, Gillian L" sort="Genrich, Gillian L" uniqKey="Genrich G" first="Gillian L" last="Genrich">Gillian L. Genrich</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zaki, Sherif R" sort="Zaki, Sherif R" uniqKey="Zaki S" first="Sherif R" last="Zaki">Sherif R. Zaki</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baric, Ralph" sort="Baric, Ralph" uniqKey="Baric R" first="Ralph" last="Baric">Ralph Baric</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff4">Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5">Carolina Vaccine Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Carolina Vaccine Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Subbarao, Kanta" sort="Subbarao, Kanta" uniqKey="Subbarao K" first="Kanta" last="Subbarao">Kanta Subbarao</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1">Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">PLoS Pathogens</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1553-7366</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1553-7374</idno>
<imprint><date when="2007">2007</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Disease Models, Animal</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Mice</term>
<term>Mice, Inbred BALB C</term>
<term>Molecular Sequence Data</term>
<term>RNA Virus Infections</term>
<term>SARS Virus (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>SARS Virus (pathogenicity)</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (mortality)</term>
<term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (virology)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term>
<term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Infections à virus à ARN</term>
<term>Modèles animaux de maladie humaine</term>
<term>Souris</term>
<term>Souris de lignée BALB C</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (mortalité)</term>
<term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (virologie)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>Virus du SRAS (pathogénicité)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortality" xml:lang="en"><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortalité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>SARS Virus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus du SRAS</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Disease Models, Animal</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Mice</term>
<term>Mice, Inbred BALB C</term>
<term>Molecular Sequence Data</term>
<term>RNA Virus Infections</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term>
<term>Données de séquences moléculaires</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Infections à virus à ARN</term>
<term>Modèles animaux de maladie humaine</term>
<term>Souris</term>
<term>Souris de lignée BALB C</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>No single animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) reproduces all aspects of the human disease. Young inbred mice support SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) replication in the respiratory tract and are available in sufficient numbers for statistical evaluation. They are relatively inexpensive and easily accessible, but their use in SARS research is limited because they do not develop illness following infection. Older (12- to 14-mo-old) BALB/c mice develop clinical illness and pneumonitis, but they can be hard to procure, and immune senescence complicates pathogenesis studies. We adapted the SARS-CoV (Urbani strain) by serial passage in the respiratory tract of young BALB/c mice. Fifteen passages resulted in a virus (MA15) that is lethal for mice following intranasal inoculation. Lethality is preceded by rapid and high titer viral replication in lungs, viremia, and dissemination of virus to extrapulmonary sites accompanied by lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and pathological changes in the lungs. Abundant viral antigen is extensively distributed in bronchial epithelial cells and alveolar pneumocytes, and necrotic cellular debris is present in airways and alveoli, with only mild and focal pneumonitis. These observations suggest that mice infected with MA15 die from an overwhelming viral infection with extensive, virally mediated destruction of pneumocytes and ciliated epithelial cells. The MA15 virus has six coding mutations associated with adaptation and increased virulence; when introduced into a recombinant SARS-CoV, these mutations result in a highly virulent and lethal virus (rMA15), duplicating the phenotype of the biologically derived MA15 virus. Intranasal inoculation with MA15 reproduces many aspects of disease seen in severe human cases of SARS. The availability of the MA15 virus will enhance the use of the mouse model for SARS because infection with MA15 causes morbidity, mortality, and pulmonary pathology. This virus will be of value as a stringent challenge in evaluation of the efficacy of vaccines and antivirals.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, W" uniqKey="Li W">W Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shi, Z" uniqKey="Shi Z">Z Shi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yu, M" uniqKey="Yu M">M Yu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ren, W" uniqKey="Ren W">W Ren</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Smith, C" uniqKey="Smith C">C Smith</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roberts, A" uniqKey="Roberts A">A Roberts</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wood, J" uniqKey="Wood J">J Wood</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Subbarao, K" uniqKey="Subbarao K">K Subbarao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ferguson, M" uniqKey="Ferguson M">M Ferguson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wood, D" uniqKey="Wood D">D Wood</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Subbarao, K" uniqKey="Subbarao K">K Subbarao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roberts, A" uniqKey="Roberts A">A Roberts</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brown, Eg" uniqKey="Brown E">EG Brown</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mccullers, Ja" uniqKey="Mccullers J">JA McCullers</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hoffmann, E" uniqKey="Hoffmann E">E Hoffmann</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Huber, Vc" uniqKey="Huber V">VC Huber</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nickerson, Ad" uniqKey="Nickerson A">AD Nickerson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thiel, V" uniqKey="Thiel V">V Thiel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ivanov, Ka" uniqKey="Ivanov K">KA Ivanov</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Putics, A" uniqKey="Putics A">A Putics</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hertzig, T" uniqKey="Hertzig T">T Hertzig</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Schelle, B" uniqKey="Schelle B">B Schelle</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, W" uniqKey="Li W">W Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, C" uniqKey="Zhang C">C Zhang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sui, J" uniqKey="Sui J">J Sui</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kuhn, Jh" uniqKey="Kuhn J">JH Kuhn</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moore, Mj" uniqKey="Moore M">MJ Moore</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, F" uniqKey="Li F">F Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, W" uniqKey="Li W">W Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Farzan, M" uniqKey="Farzan M">M Farzan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Harrison, Sc" uniqKey="Harrison S">SC Harrison</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brown, Eg" uniqKey="Brown E">EG Brown</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bailly, Je" uniqKey="Bailly J">JE Bailly</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smeenk, Ca" uniqKey="Smeenk C">CA Smeenk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brown, Eg" uniqKey="Brown E">EG Brown</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smeenk, Ca" uniqKey="Smeenk C">CA Smeenk</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wright, Ke" uniqKey="Wright K">KE Wright</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Burns, Bf" uniqKey="Burns B">BF Burns</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thaker, Aj" uniqKey="Thaker A">AJ Thaker</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brown, Eg" uniqKey="Brown E">EG Brown</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lawler, Jv" uniqKey="Lawler J">JV Lawler</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Endy, Tp" uniqKey="Endy T">TP Endy</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hensley, Le" uniqKey="Hensley L">LE Hensley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Garrison, A" uniqKey="Garrison A">A Garrison</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fritz, Ea" uniqKey="Fritz E">EA Fritz</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chu, Cm" uniqKey="Chu C">CM Chu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poon, Ll" uniqKey="Poon L">LL Poon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cheng, Vc" uniqKey="Cheng V">VC Cheng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chan, Ks" uniqKey="Chan K">KS Chan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hung, If" uniqKey="Hung I">IF Hung</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roberts, A" uniqKey="Roberts A">A Roberts</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Paddock, C" uniqKey="Paddock C">C Paddock</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vogel, L" uniqKey="Vogel L">L Vogel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Butler, E" uniqKey="Butler E">E Butler</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zaki, S" uniqKey="Zaki S">S Zaki</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Farcas, Ga" uniqKey="Farcas G">GA Farcas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poutanen, Sm" uniqKey="Poutanen S">SM Poutanen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mazzulli, T" uniqKey="Mazzulli T">T Mazzulli</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Willey, Bm" uniqKey="Willey B">BM Willey</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Butany, J" uniqKey="Butany J">J Butany</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chan, Hl" uniqKey="Chan H">HL Chan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kwan, Ac" uniqKey="Kwan A">AC Kwan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="To, Kf" uniqKey="To K">KF To</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lai, St" uniqKey="Lai S">ST Lai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chan, Pk" uniqKey="Chan P">PK Chan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hung, If" uniqKey="Hung I">IF Hung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cheng, Vc" uniqKey="Cheng V">VC Cheng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, Ak" uniqKey="Wu A">AK Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tang, Bs" uniqKey="Tang B">BS Tang</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chan, Kh" uniqKey="Chan K">KH Chan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ho, Pl" uniqKey="Ho P">PL Ho</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chau, Ph" uniqKey="Chau P">PH Chau</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yip, Ps" uniqKey="Yip P">PS Yip</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ooi, Gc" uniqKey="Ooi G">GC Ooi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Khong, Pl" uniqKey="Khong P">PL Khong</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lau, Yl" uniqKey="Lau Y">YL Lau</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peiris, Js" uniqKey="Peiris J">JS Peiris</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, N" uniqKey="Lee N">N Lee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hui, D" uniqKey="Hui D">D Hui</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, A" uniqKey="Wu A">A Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chan, P" uniqKey="Chan P">P Chan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cameron, P" uniqKey="Cameron P">P Cameron</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Li, Mh" uniqKey="Li M">MH Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Xh" uniqKey="Li X">XH Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Xw" uniqKey="Li X">XW Li</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ma, L" uniqKey="Ma L">L Ma</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yi, W" uniqKey="Yi W">W Yi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, Cl" uniqKey="Liu C">CL Liu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lu, Yt" uniqKey="Lu Y">YT Lu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Peng, Mj" uniqKey="Peng M">MJ Peng</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chen, Pj" uniqKey="Chen P">PJ Chen</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lin, Rl" uniqKey="Lin R">RL Lin</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Peiris, Js" uniqKey="Peiris J">JS Peiris</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lai, St" uniqKey="Lai S">ST Lai</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Poon, Ll" uniqKey="Poon L">LL Poon</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guan, Y" uniqKey="Guan Y">Y Guan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yam, Ly" uniqKey="Yam L">LY Yam</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wong, Rs" uniqKey="Wong R">RS Wong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wu, A" uniqKey="Wu A">A Wu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="To, Kf" uniqKey="To K">KF To</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lee, N" uniqKey="Lee N">N Lee</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lam, Cw" uniqKey="Lam C">CW Lam</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wong, Wm" uniqKey="Wong W">WM Wong</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ho, Jc" uniqKey="Ho J">JC Ho</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ooi, Gc" uniqKey="Ooi G">GC Ooi</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mok, T" uniqKey="Mok T">T Mok</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chan, J" uniqKey="Chan J">J Chan</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Leung, Cw" uniqKey="Leung C">CW Leung</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kwan, Yw" uniqKey="Kwan Y">YW Kwan</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ko, Pw" uniqKey="Ko P">PW Ko</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chiu, Ss" uniqKey="Chiu S">SS Chiu</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Loung, Py" uniqKey="Loung P">PY Loung</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Manocha, S" uniqKey="Manocha S">S Manocha</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Walley, Kr" uniqKey="Walley K">KR Walley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Russell, Ja" uniqKey="Russell J">JA Russell</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roberts, A" uniqKey="Roberts A">A Roberts</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Thomas, Wd" uniqKey="Thomas W">WD Thomas</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guarner, J" uniqKey="Guarner J">J Guarner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lamirande, Ew" uniqKey="Lamirande E">EW Lamirande</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Babcock, Gj" uniqKey="Babcock G">GJ Babcock</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Subbarao, K" uniqKey="Subbarao K">K Subbarao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mcauliffe, J" uniqKey="Mcauliffe J">J McAuliffe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vogel, L" uniqKey="Vogel L">L Vogel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fahle, G" uniqKey="Fahle G">G Fahle</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fischer, S" uniqKey="Fischer S">S Fischer</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yount, B" uniqKey="Yount B">B Yount</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roberts, Rs" uniqKey="Roberts R">RS Roberts</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sims, Ac" uniqKey="Sims A">AC Sims</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Deming, D" uniqKey="Deming D">D Deming</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frieman, Mb" uniqKey="Frieman M">MB Frieman</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sims, Ac" uniqKey="Sims A">AC Sims</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yount, B" uniqKey="Yount B">B Yount</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Burkett, Se" uniqKey="Burkett S">SE Burkett</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Baric, Rs" uniqKey="Baric R">RS Baric</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pickles, Rj" uniqKey="Pickles R">RJ Pickles</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yount, B" uniqKey="Yount B">B Yount</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Curtis, Km" uniqKey="Curtis K">KM Curtis</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fritz, Ea" uniqKey="Fritz E">EA Fritz</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hensley, Le" uniqKey="Hensley L">LE Hensley</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jahrling, Pb" uniqKey="Jahrling P">PB Jahrling</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heise, Mt" uniqKey="Heise M">MT Heise</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Simpson, Da" uniqKey="Simpson D">DA Simpson</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Johnston, Re" uniqKey="Johnston R">RE Johnston</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcauliffe, J" uniqKey="Mcauliffe J">J McAuliffe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vogel, L" uniqKey="Vogel L">L Vogel</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roberts, A" uniqKey="Roberts A">A Roberts</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fahle, G" uniqKey="Fahle G">G Fahle</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fischer, S" uniqKey="Fischer S">S Fischer</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shieh, Wj" uniqKey="Shieh W">WJ Shieh</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Hsiao, Ch" uniqKey="Hsiao C">CH Hsiao</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Paddock, C" uniqKey="Paddock C">C Paddock</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Guarner, J" uniqKey="Guarner J">J Guarner</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mueller, L" uniqKey="Mueller L">L Mueller</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rota, Pa" uniqKey="Rota P">PA Rota</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Oberste, Ms" uniqKey="Oberste M">MS Oberste</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Monroe, Ss" uniqKey="Monroe S">SS Monroe</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Nix, Wa" uniqKey="Nix W">WA Nix</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Campagnoli, R" uniqKey="Campagnoli R">R Campagnoli</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Caroline du Nord</li>
<li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li>
<li>Maryland</li>
</region>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Maryland"><name sortKey="Roberts, Anjeanette" sort="Roberts, Anjeanette" uniqKey="Roberts A" first="Anjeanette" last="Roberts">Anjeanette Roberts</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Baric, Ralph" sort="Baric, Ralph" uniqKey="Baric R" first="Ralph" last="Baric">Ralph Baric</name>
<name sortKey="Baric, Ralph" sort="Baric, Ralph" uniqKey="Baric R" first="Ralph" last="Baric">Ralph Baric</name>
<name sortKey="Baric, Ralph" sort="Baric, Ralph" uniqKey="Baric R" first="Ralph" last="Baric">Ralph Baric</name>
<name sortKey="Cheng, Aaron" sort="Cheng, Aaron" uniqKey="Cheng A" first="Aaron" last="Cheng">Aaron Cheng</name>
<name sortKey="Deming, Damon" sort="Deming, Damon" uniqKey="Deming D" first="Damon" last="Deming">Damon Deming</name>
<name sortKey="Genrich, Gillian L" sort="Genrich, Gillian L" uniqKey="Genrich G" first="Gillian L" last="Genrich">Gillian L. Genrich</name>
<name sortKey="Heise, Mark" sort="Heise, Mark" uniqKey="Heise M" first="Mark" last="Heise">Mark Heise</name>
<name sortKey="Heise, Mark" sort="Heise, Mark" uniqKey="Heise M" first="Mark" last="Heise">Mark Heise</name>
<name sortKey="Heise, Mark" sort="Heise, Mark" uniqKey="Heise M" first="Mark" last="Heise">Mark Heise</name>
<name sortKey="Herman, Brian D" sort="Herman, Brian D" uniqKey="Herman B" first="Brian D" last="Herman">Brian D. Herman</name>
<name sortKey="Paddock, Christopher D" sort="Paddock, Christopher D" uniqKey="Paddock C" first="Christopher D" last="Paddock">Christopher D. Paddock</name>
<name sortKey="Sheahan, Tim" sort="Sheahan, Tim" uniqKey="Sheahan T" first="Tim" last="Sheahan">Tim Sheahan</name>
<name sortKey="Subbarao, Kanta" sort="Subbarao, Kanta" uniqKey="Subbarao K" first="Kanta" last="Subbarao">Kanta Subbarao</name>
<name sortKey="Vogel, Leatrice" sort="Vogel, Leatrice" uniqKey="Vogel L" first="Leatrice" last="Vogel">Leatrice Vogel</name>
<name sortKey="Yount, Boyd" sort="Yount, Boyd" uniqKey="Yount B" first="Boyd" last="Yount">Boyd Yount</name>
<name sortKey="Zaki, Sherif R" sort="Zaki, Sherif R" uniqKey="Zaki S" first="Sherif R" last="Zaki">Sherif R. Zaki</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/SrasV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 003783 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 003783 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Sante |area= SrasV1 |flux= Main |étape= Exploration |type= RBID |clé= PMC:1769406 |texte= A Mouse-Adapted SARS-Coronavirus Causes Disease and Mortality in BALB/c Mice }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:17222058" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SrasV1
This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |